Longitudinal waves:
Longitudinal waves are waves that have the same direction of vibration as their direction of travel, which means that the movement of the medium is in the same direction as or the opposite direction to the motion of the wave.
Example: Sound waves.
Transverse waves:
A transverse wave is a moving wave that consists of oscillations occurring perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer. If a transverse wave is moving in the positive x-direction, its oscillations are in up and down directions that lie in the y-z plane.
Example: Electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic waves:
Produced by the movement of electrically charged particles and it can travel in a “vacuum” (they do NOT need a medium) at the speed of light. It is also known as EM waves.
Photon:
A particle of light is called Photon.
Electromagnetic Spectrum:
The entire frequency range of electromagnetic waves is called Electromagnetic Spectrum.
Microwaves:
A short electromagnetic wave (longer than infrared but shorter than radio waves); used for radar and microwave ovens and for transmitting telephone, facsimile, video and data.
Uses:
· Microwave ovens
· Bluetooth headsets
· Broadband Wireless Internet
· Radar
· GPS
Inferred Radiation:
Wavelengths in between microwaves and visible light are called Inferred Radiation.
Uses:
· Night vision goggles
· Remote controls
· Heat-seeking missiles
Visible light:
This is the only type of EM wave able to be detected by the human eye. Violet is the highest frequency light. Red light is the lowest frequency light
Ultraviolet:
Radiation lying in the ultraviolet range; wave lengths shorter than light but longer than x rays
Uses:
· Black lights
· Sterilizing medical equipment
· Security images on money
X-rays:
Tiny wavelength, high energy waves.
Uses:
· Medical imaging
· Airport security
Gamma Rays:
Smallest wavelengths, highest energy EM waves
Uses:
- Cancer treatment
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